evolved from the idea of clustering a number of Jupiter engines around Redstone and Jupiter propellant tanks to build a large launch vehicle. The Department of Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) approved the concept in August 1958, and development began in December 1959.

Saturn I had a cluster of eight rocket nozzles in the first stage and was used to lift the Apollo into low Earth orbit to test out the spacecraft and to later support the Skylab and Apollo-Soyuz Test project. The first 162--foot-long vehicle, weighing nearly 1 million pounds, was launched from Cape Canaveral on October 27, 1961.

The first Saturn IB suborbital flight took place on February 26, 1966, with an unmanned Apollo spacecraft as payload. On October 11, 1968, a Saturn IB rocket launched Apollo 7 into Earth orbit; it was the only piloted mission with this vehicle.

The first Saturn V was launched in 1967. Designed under the guidance of Wernher von Braun, this was the largest rocket ever used by the United States. Standing over 363 feet high, including its Apollo spacecraft payload, it used five F-1 engines to send Apollo astronauts to the Moon and to lift the Skylab Space Station.

A total of thirty-two Saturns of all types were launched during the course of the program, without a single failure.

Basic Facts About the Saturn V Rocket

Questions or comments about this page?

National Aeronautics and Space Museum. www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/gal114/SpaceRace/sec300/sec384.htm
U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission. www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Dictionary/SATURN/DI162.htm

THE ROBINSON LIBRARY
Technology.--Motor Vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics.--Rocket Propulsion. Rockets.

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