Engineering (General). Civil Engineering (General).

Joseph Bramah held patents for a diverse range of items, including: flushing water closet, burglar-proof lock, hydraulic press, rotary motion pump, wood planing machine, automatic bank note printing, and penmaking machine.

Alexandre Gustave Eiffel was the owner of an ironworks company known for his unique designs and attention to detail. His most notable works include: the Douro River Bridge in Porto, Portugal, which was completed in 1876 and used until 1991; the support framework for the Statue of Liberty; and the Eiffel Tower.

Jan Adriaasz Leeghwater was a Dutch engineer who succeeded in draining the vast Beemster lake in the Netherlands in the early 17th century using a process that is still used today (albeit with slightly more modern machinery).

Sir Charles Algernon Parsons invented the steam turbine engine in 1884. He then built a steam turbine-driven vessel named the Turbinia which, in 1897, managed to show up 165 of the finest ships in the British Navy.

James Watt patented his version of the steam engine in 1769. He then proceeded to develop crank movements so his engine could turn wheels, an improvement that helped make the Industrial Revolution possible. In 1784 he became the first to demonstrate the use of steam for heating a building.