The Taj Mahal [tahj muh hahl'] was built by the Mugal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third (and favorite) wife, Arjumand Banu, who died in 1631 while giving birth to the couple's fourteenth child. It is believed that the structure's familiar name comes from the empress's popular name, Mumtaz-i-Mahal, which means Pride of the Palace. It stands on the bank of the Yamuna River, in Agra, India.
Construction of the Taj Mahal began in
1632, and was completed in 1653. About 20,000 workers
were employed in the project. So much material had to be
hauled to the building site that 1,000 elephants were
required to act as pack animals. Total cost of the
structure and surrounding landscaping was about 32
million rupees (or about $68,000 in 17th century U.S.
dollars).
The mausoleum is the focal point of a rectangle 2,000 feet long by 1,000 feet wide. The southern third of the rectange includes service structures and ends at a monumental gateway that leads into the walled section, which comprises the other two-thirds of the rectangle. Within the walls is an impressive 1,000-foot-square garden that is bisected along its axis by a narrow reflecting pool.
Along the river side of the rectangle is a raised platform with minarets at each of its four corners. A mosque stands at the west side of the platform, a reception hall at the east.
The
tomb itself is at the center of the raised platform. It
is square in plan, with chamfered corners. Within its
massive marble walls is a circumambulatory corridor
marked by octagonal chambers within each corner angle. The
octagonal tomb chamber at the center, in which the the
cenotaphs of the Shah and his wife are located, is
crowned by a shallow dome. The Shah and his wife are
interred in a vault below the tomb chamber.
Specifications
building material white marble
length of each side 130 ft (39.6 m)
height of minarets 133 ft (40.5 m)
diameter of dome 70 ft (21.3 m)
height of dome 120 ft (36.6 m)
total acreage of site 42
Questions or comments about this page?
Great Buildings Online. www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Taj_Mahal.html
Taj Mahal Travel. www.tajmahal.org.uk
Taj Mahal Virtual Tour. www.taj-mahal.net
The Robinson Library
Fine Arts.--Architecture.--Towers, Turrets, Minarets, Etc.
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